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We normally add -ed to the verb in all personal pronouns. When we can’t use -ed, there are a few spelling rules according to the ending of the verbs.
SPELLING RULE 1 | SPELLING RULE 2 | SPELLING RULE 3 | SPELLING RULE 4 |
Most verbs take -ed ending work ⇒ worked kiss ⇒ kissed | Verbs that end with -e,take -d ending dance ⇒ danced close ⇒ closed | Verbs that end with a consonant and -y, -y drops and take -ied ending carry ⇒ carried study ⇒ studied | Verbs that have a CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) pattern, we double the last letter and put -ed ending stop ⇒ stopped cancel ⇒ cancelled |
We double the last letters of the verbs with a CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) pattern. However, we do not double the last letter of the verbs in two cases:
- The stress is on the first syllable. For example: open ⇒ opened, offer ⇒ offered
- Verbs that end with –w, –x, –y letters. For example, show>showed, mix > mixed, pray>prayed.